WPBO Owls Fall 2010: Chuck-will's-widow

Saturday, May 15, 2010

Chuck-will's-widow

Chuck-will's-widow

Well, just after posting the below text we caught a Chuck-will's-widow. This is just the second record for the Point. While working in Nevada with Flammulated Owls I would occasionally catch Common Poorwills, and we occassionaly catch Whip-poor-wills here, but the size of a Chuck-will's-widow took us by surprise. Compare these photos to the May 4 photos of Whip-poor-will. The nightjars are all amazingly beautiful birds and their mouths are ridiculously large. Given the small appearance of the bill when the mouth is closed, it always comes as a shock when they open up. It's as if their entire head is hinged, guess it kind of is.

Well we clearly have been slacking on the blog. After such a productive March, April and May have been relatively slow. After banding 249 owls in March we banded 160 in April, and 41 in May before tonight. We often get a little spike of Saw-whets in late May and we banded 21 tonight, plus a Barred. We also recaptured a Saw-whet banded in Minnesota in October of 2005!

It was just in 2007 that we pushed the spring start date forward from April 1 to March 15. The first 4 seasons have produced different results in March; 306 in 2007, 26 in 2008, 74 in 2009, and 249 this year. Despite these results 2008 was the most productive of these four seasons for Saw-whets. Even with the new early start date we are certainly missing some birds in the years when owl migration begins early. This season's peak night occurred on March 17, just the third night of the season, when 69 Saw-whet, 2 Boreal, 1 Long-eared, and 1 Great Gray were banded. In the first 4 nights of the season we banded 133 Saw-whets, yet just 115 were banded in all of April. These March results have dramatically changed our understanding of the timing of the spring migration of Saw-whets in our region. In the 80's WPBO made some efforts at banding in March and the results caused these efforts to be labeled as futile. Furthermore, two of the most comprehensive sources of information on North American owls are the species accounts in the Birds of North America from the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, and Johnsgard's book North American Owls. In Johnsgard the spring migration in Michigan is said to begin in late April. In the Birds of North America account spring migration in Michigan is said to begin in late April and peak in early May. Our findings over the last 4 springs are going to significantly change this perception.

Chris & Nova

2 comments:

Unknown said...: Holy cow great catch!!; May 18, 2010 at 12:10 AM
Anonymous said...: That is wicked cool!!
-Erin; May 21, 2010 at 10:37 AM

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Our New Summer Owl Study

During the summer of 2006 WPBO conducted an exploratory owl banding research project at the Point. Our project ran 3 weeks, and our efforts resulted in the capture of 208 owls; 206 Northern Saw-whet Owls (NSWO) and 2 Long-eared Owls. Of the 206 NSWO captured, 200 were juvenile birds. While the spring and fall migrations of NSWO have become increasingly well studied across the continent, these results represent the first documentation of a significant concentration of juvenile NSWO during the post-breeding period.

Thanks in large part to generous donations made by two individuals and pledges to the spring staff birdathon, we have been able to continue and expand this study during the summer of 2007. We began on July 1st, and as of August 10th we have banded 542 owls; 539 NSWO and 3 Long-eared Owls. As in 2006, the majority of the NSWO we have banded this summer have been juveniles.

In addition to the regular data we collect on all owls, we are visually accessing fat stores and muscle mass on all of the juveniles. Among North American owls only NSWO and Boreal Owls have a juvenile plumage that is significantly different from adult plumage. The juveniles begin actively molting out of their juvenile plumage and into adult plumage during our study period. Detailed descriptions of the molt progression on each juvenile have been collected.

Owl banding Spring 2007

Several changes were made to the spring owl banding protocol in 2007. These changes were made in an effort to increase our captures, thereby increasing our data base and our knowledge of the owl migration at Whitefish Point. Owl banding data collected by WPBO during previous springs clearly demonstrated that the Saw-whet migration at Whitefish Point was already at its peak during the 1st week of April. Therefore, the start date of the spring owl research was moved up from the previous start date of April 1st to March 15th. Audiolure was also introduced to the spring owl research for the first time. Audiolure is simply the practice of broadcasting a recording of an owl's call to lure them into the research area. This is a technique implemented at every other owl migration banding site that we know of, and has been used during the fall season at Whitefish Point since the fall study began in 1993. It has been documented that this practice increases Saw-whet captures 5-10 fold.
This spring the calls of Northern Saw-whet and Boreal Owls were broadcast. As the data from previous seasons suggested would be the case, Boreals were at the bottom of their irruptive cycle and none were captured. We fully expect that Boreal Owl captures during the next irruption will increase significantly due to the use of audiolure. As for Saw-whets, the changes proved a huge success after just one season. We banded nearly 280 Saw-whets during March alone; the previous high for an entire spring season was 122. Our total captures for all owl species in March was 318, these results are also higher than the total captures of any previous spring season. The chart below demonstrates the effectiveness of the changes implemented in the spring of 2007.

General Information

Whitefish Point Bird Observatory (WPBO) conducts long-term owl migration studies in both spring and fall. WPBO began its oversight of the spring owl research at Whitefish Point (WP) in 1988, and began the fall study in 1993. A summer study was developed during the summer of 2006 when a dispersal of juvenile Northern Saw-whet Owls was discovered within the study area. These WPBO research projects have resulted in the banding of over 7,000 owls of eight species; Great Horned, Northern Hawk, Barred, Great Gray, Long-eared, Short-eared, Boreal, and Northern Saw-whet. This reasearch has established WP as one of the most diverse owl migration sites on the continent.

* Study periods:
Spring: March 15-May 31
Summer: currently July 1-August 31
Fall: September 15- October 31

**During the study periods nets are opened nightly, weather permitting , 1/2 hour after sunset and closed 1/2 hour before sunrise. Nets are not opened during periods of rain or high winds.

FAQs

Why do we band owls?
The owl banding project is the most effective way we have to monitor the number of owls migrating through Whitefish Point. For example, without the owl banding project just 3 Saw-whet Owls would have be documented in the spring of 2007. Through the owl banding project, 750 Saw-whets were banded and 32 that were already banded were caught. Without specific efforts to document the owl migration at Whitefish Point it would go virtually undetected. For more information on bird banding visit the Bird Banding Lab's website, which can be linked out of the WPBO website.

How do we catch and handle the owls?
All of the owls in our studies are captured in mist nets that are made specifically for bird banding. The mist nets we use are 12 meters long andabout 10 feet high. Due to the size difference between species that we catch two different mesh sizes are used. The nets are placed in openings among the trees at Whitefish Point. To help attract the owls into the netlanes audiolure is used. Audiolure is simply the broadcast of an owls call.In spring and fall both Saw-whet and Boreal Owl calls are broadcast, only saw-whet calls are broadcast in the summer. We do not wear gloves while getting extracting owls from the nets or during the banding and measuring proccess. Like many other things, these procedures are more difficult when wearing gloves. Extractions in particular are already difficult and would be virtually impossible while wearing heavy gloves. Yes, we do occasionally get bit or have the birds get us with their talons, and yes it does hurt. To band and weigh the owls they are placed in cans. This is the common practice when banding birds of prey and actually serves to calm the birds down.

What data do we collect?
Each owl is fitted with an individually numbered U.S. Geological Survey band. These bands are issued to federally licensed bird banders by the Bird Banding Lab in Maryland. The main measurments we collect are weight, tail and wing chord length. If the bird has flight feather molt, the molt pattern is recorded. These measurements and the molt patterns help us determine the age and sex of many of the owls that are captured. The data, including the band number is then submitted to the Bird Banding Lab for inclusion in their database.